Transmission Media Concept

Bounded/Guided media  


1. UTP Cable :
                                               Unguided Twisted Pair (UTP) is a popular type of low cost cable that consists of two unshielded wires twisted around each other which is used extensively for Local Area Networks(LANs) and telephone connections.
                    
2. STP Cable:
                      Shielded Twisted Pair(STP) is a type of copper telephone wring in which each of the two copper wires that are twisted together and are coated with an insulating coating that functions as a ground for the wires.



 3. Coaxial cable:
                                     Coaxial cable is a wire with single-ended single reference where the central conductor carries the data signals.



4.  Fiber Optics Cable :
                                                                      Fiber optics is one of the costlier cables used in data communication that uses light to carry a data signal through the cable.













Unbounded/Unguided media




5. Radio waves:
                          The type of unguided media where the signal is carried over by carrier waves is called radio waves.





6. Terrestrial microwave:
                                     The microwave that transmits tightly focused beams of radio signals from one ground-based microwave transmission antenna to another is called terrestrial microwave.





7. Satellite microwave:
                                     The microwave that transmits tightly focused beams of radio signals from a ground station on Earth to a satellite and back to another
  ground station on Earth.












Connectors



8. RJ-45:
                Registered Jack-45 is an eight wire connector used commonly to connect computers onto a  Local Area Networks(LANs) , especially Ethernets.



9. BNC:
            The BNC(Bayonet Neill Conceman) connector is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable.


10. D-Shell:
                  The connector at the end of the cable between a video adapter and a monitor that is plugged into the video adapter is called D-Shell.





11. Terminators:
                      Terminators are the connectors which are used in transmission lines that cannot show an open circuit at any time.


12. ST:
          A Straight Tip (ST)  is a connector used in fiber-optic cables that utilizes a bayonet-style plug and socket.



 13.  SC:
            The Subscriber Connector(SC) is a fiber optic connector with a push-pull latching mechanism that provides quick insertion and removal while ensuring a positive connection.


14. FC:
           The Ferrule Connector(FC) is a fiber-optic connector with a threaded body, which was designed for use in high-vibration environments.






15. SMA:
             Screw-mounted Adapter(SMA) fiber-optic connector is an old first generation fiber optic connector that was based on the existing Radio Frequency(RF) connector widely used in the RF world.

16. T-connectors:
                             A T-connector is an electrical connector that connects three cables together, usually is in the shape of capital 'T'  which is used for coaxial cables.



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